The Makoko Kingdom also known as Anziko, Teke, or Tio, lays north of the Congo River, and controlled the area around Malebo Pool, i.e. today’s Kinshasa. See Mwene Ndzale Obenga, “Le royaume de Makoko,” Présence Africaine (1969); Jan Vansina, The Tio Kingdom of the Middle Congo: 1880–1892 (London: Oxford University Press, 1973; London: Routledge, 2018). Citations refer to the Routledge edition.
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